May develop tolerance or hardening with time.
Evolves to include inflammatory changes with redness and itch.
#Contact dermatitis cold compress skin#
Initial dryness and cracking of the skin.Chronic due to mild irritants or repetitive cumulative exposure.Example: kneeling in wet cement, which is very alkaline, causing severe dermatitis of the knees.Localised well-defined, redness, papules, swelling, blistering ( vesicles/ bullae).Burning and pain more common symptoms than itch.Is the commonest cause of hand dermatitis in occupational and non-occupational settings.Usually is confined to the site of contact with the irritant.What are the clinical features of irritant contact dermatitis? Irritant dermatitis is often the result of the cumulative impact of multiple irritants. Friction, sweating, and heat are examples of environmental factors. Topical medications such as retinoids and benzoyl peroxide, may cause irritant contact dermatitis with long-term use. Occupational irritants can include wet work, detergents, solvents, acids, alkalis, adhesives, and metalworking fluids. Environmental factors such as temperature extremes or humidity.Įveryday examples of common skin irritants are water, soaps, and, in the era of COVID-19, hand sanitisers.Mechanical trauma including hand scrubbing.Skin susceptibility such as pre-existing skin damage or atopic tendency.Duration and frequency of exposure, for example short concentrated or repeated prolonged low exposure.Concentration, amount, and properties of the irritant.Irritants remove oils and natural moisturising factor from the outer layer of the skin, allowing chemical irritants to penetrate the skin barrier and trigger inflammation.įactors influencing the development and severity of the dermatitis include: Irritant contact dermatitis develops when chemical or physical agents damage the skin surface faster than the skin can repair.
Irritant contact dermatitis can affect all age groups, both sexes, and any race. Occupational hand dermatitis is due to irritants in 80% of cases, most often affecting those who involved in wet work such as cleaners, hairdressers, food handlers, and healthcare personnel. Irritant contact dermatitis will affect anyone with sufficient exposure to irritants, but those with atopic dermatitis are particularly susceptible.
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